Cantalupo stands on the remains of Roman villas and the foundations of two small villages edificated after the fall of the empire, whose inhabitants, between the eighth and ninth centuries gave rise, on the highest point of the territory, to the Castrum Cantaloupi, mentioned for the first time in 1037 in the Farfense Summary. The first "wives" of Castrum Cantalupi, the Counts of Cuneo, began the construction of the fortress, which in 1278 became part of the possessions of the Holy See, with the oath to Pope Nicholas III. Subsequently, before the accounts of St. Eustace (sec. XIII and XIV) give life to the "Palatium", while Savelli dominate throughout the fifteenth century. Then, different owners came in succession for marriages between families: the Cesi of Acquasparta, the Vaini, the Lante della Rovere, until the nineteenth century the estate was bought by Patriziato Sabino (Sabine Patricians). From 1862 to the present, the Palace and the goods belonged to the family of the Barons Camuccini. John the Baptist Camuccini, son of the neoclassical painter Vincent, bought the entire property by Roger De Podenas. The passage of so many owners, but particularly that of Cesi and Camuccini, have left many prominent traces. In 1860, Cantalupo joined the Kingdom of Italy, at first included in the province of Perugia and later in Rome; by Royal Decree of 1863, the ancient name of Cantalupo is amended in Cantalupo in Sabina. In 1927, with the administrative reorganization operated by Fascism, the municipality is suppressed and aggregated to Aspra (current Casperia), included in the new province of Rieti, to be again reconstituted as an autonomous body in 1940, always in the province of Rieti.